I-AD5933 yenye yeesekethe ezidityanisiweyo ezidumileyo xa kuziwa kuhlalutyo lwe-bioimpedance, zombini kwizicelo zemfundo, uphando lwe-biomedical, kunye nophuhliso lwezixhobo zokulinganisa. Ngelixa kulula ukufumana iimodyuli ezithengiswayo kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa kwi-intanethi, izibonelelo ezimbalwa zolwimi lwesiSpanish zichaza ngendlela elula neneenkcukacha ukuba eli candelo lisebenza njani kwaye linokusetyenziswa njani kwiiprojekthi zohlalutyo lwe-bioimpedance. Ukuba unomdla wokufunda ukuba i-AD5933 inokuguqula njani iiprojekthi zakho ze-biomedical sensor, eli nqaku linalo lonke ulwazi oluphambili oluqokelelweyo.
Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwe-AD5933 kunye nobuchule akuloncedo kwiinjineli nakwizazinzulu kuphela, kodwa nakubenzi, ootitshala, kunye nabafundi abajonge ukulinganisa ngokuchanekileyo uthintelo lwethishu okanye nayiphi na imathiriyeli yebhayoloji okanye yombane. Ukuba ujonge uphononongo olunzulu lwe-AD5933 bioimpedance sensor, kunye neengcaciso ezicacileyo, ezisebenzayo, le yindawo yakho.
Yintoni AD5933 kwaye kutheni idume kangaka?
I-AD5933 yi-impedance converter kunye nemodyuli yokuhlaziya inethiwekhi enesisombululo se-12-bit., esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwihlabathi le-electronics kunye ne-bioengineering ukulinganisa ukuchasana kunye neempendulo ngedijithali kunye ngokuchanekileyo. Umsebenzi wayo ophambili kukuququzelela uhlalutyo lwezinto, amacandelo ombane kunye nezicubu zebhayoloji usebenzisa ubuchule be-bioimpedance., evumela ukufundwa kweempawu zombane zeeseli kunye nolwelo ngaphakathi komzimba womntu.
Kutheni abantu abaninzi bebhenela kwi-AD5933? Kuba idibanisa imisebenzi ephucukileyo ngaphakathi kwechip enye, evumela ukuveliswa kwamafrikhwensi acwangcisiweyo, ukufakwa kwedijithali kwidijithali, kunye nokusetyenzwa kwedatha yangaphakathi, konke ngaphandle kokufuna izixhobo ezintsonkothileyo zangaphandle. Oku kuyenza ibe lukhetho olufanelekileyo kuzo zombini iilabhoratri kunye nezo ziyila izixhobo eziphathwayo okanye imifuniselo yasekhaya.
Iimpawu eziphambili zobugcisa
- Imodyuli yohlalutyi lwe-impedance ephindaphindiweyo: Inokusebenza kuluhlu olubanzi lwamaza, iyenza ilungele ukulinganisa i-impedance ephantsi kunye nephezulu kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.
- I-12-bit ye-analog-to-digital converter (ADC): Ivumela isisombululo esaneleyo kuninzi lwezicelo ze-biomedical kunye nelabhoratri.
- Umlinganiselo wesampulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-megasample enye ngesekhondi, ilungele izifundo ezifuna ukufunyanwa kwedatha ngokukhawuleza.
- Ibandakanya imisebenzi ye udityaniso lwedijithali ngqo (DDS) kwisizukulwana somqondiso wovuselelo.
- Isebenza ngombane oqhelekileyo welebhu kwaye inokulawulwa ngabalawuli abancinci, iikhompyuter, kunye neebhodi zophuhliso ezifana neArduino okanye iRaspberry Pi.
Iindlela zokusebenza ezifana imowudi yokutshayela, evumela uphononongo olupheleleyo lwe-impedance kuwo wonke ama-frequencies ahlukeneyo, aluncedo ngakumbi ekuhlalutyeni izinto ezinzima okanye uphando lwe-biomedical apho i-impedance ihluka ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Isetyenziselwa ntoni kwi-bioimpedance?
Uhlalutyo lwe-bioelectrical impedance (BIA) yenye yezona zicelo eziphambili ze-AD5933. Isetyenziselwa ukufumana ulwazi malunga nokubunjwa komzimba, i-hydration, okanye ukufunyanwa kweemeko ezithile zonyango. ngokulinganisa impendulo yombane kwiithishu eziphilayo.
Nge-AD5933, ukulinganisa i-bioimpedance kuba lula, njengoko I-chip yenzelwe ukuzenzekelayo inkqubo yokuvelisa iimpawu ze-AC kunye nokubala impenduloOku kwenza ukuba kwenzeke, umzekelo, ukufunda indlela i-muscle ephendula ngayo ekugqithiseni umqondiso, okanye ukuhlalutya ukubunjwa kwe-biological fluid okanye isampuli yezicubu.
Ubume bangaphakathi kunye nokusebenza kwe-AD5933
Intliziyo ye-AD5933 yenziwe ngeebhloko ezahlukeneyo zokusebenza, phakathi kwazo oku kulandelayo:
- DDS (Direct Digital Synthesis) Generator: Ikuvumela ukuba wenze i-sine wave ephumayo enokuthi ilungelelaniswe idijithali.
- Un iamplifier esebenzayo ibumbeke ngokwengxelo engalunganga (impendulo engalunganga), esebenzisa iRin kunye ne-RFB resistors. Inzuzo yeamplifier ibalwa njenge A = – RFB / Rin, ukuvumela igalelo ukuba lilungelelaniswe kwisignali efanelekileyo ye-ADC.
- I-12-bit ye-analog-to-digital converter (ADC): Ukuguqula umqondiso we-analog yegalelo (impendulo kwi-excitation yethu) ibe ngumqondiso wedijithali onokucutshungulwa ngaphakathi.
- Imodyuli yeDFT (Discrete Fourier Transform).: Yenza inkqubo yemathematika eyimfuneko ukufumana zombini ubukhulu kunye nesigaba sempendulo elinganisiweyo.
Indibaniselwano yezi bloko ivumela ukulinganisa zombini iindawo ezichasayo kunye nezisebenzayo ze-impedance.
Umsebenzi oneenkcukacha: ukusuka kwi-stimulus ukuya kumlinganiselo
Inkqubo yokulinganisa i-impedance kunye ne-AD5933 ilandela uthotho lwamanyathelo abalulekileyo:
- Ijeneretha ye-DDS ivelisa isignali yombane etshintshanayo esinokuthi sicwangcise rhoqo amaxesha akhe ngokwedijithali.
- Lo mqondiso udlula kwinto okanye izicubu eziza kulinganiswa, kwaye Impendulo iqokelelwa yi-amplifier yangaphakathi yokusebenza, esebenzisa izichasi ezimbini ukulawula inzuzo.
- I-ADC igcina umqondiso wokuphendula edijithali, kwaye emva koko, imodyuli yeDFT yenza uguqulo olucacileyo lweFourier ukwahlula amacandelo ngokwenyani kunye nentelekelelo.
- Okokugqibela, la maxabiso asetyenziselwa ukubala i-impedance iyonke (Z), kunye nezinto zayo: ukumelana (R) kunye nokusabela (X).
Ndiyabulela kwi-architecture yangaphakathi ye-AD5933, inokwenzeka Ulungelelaniso oluzenzekelayo kwaye ulungise inkqubo ngokulinganisa amacandelo ereferensi ngaphambi kokuthatha imilinganiselo yokwenyani, ephucula kakhulu ukuchaneka kweziphumo.
Ungabala njani ukungasebenzi kunye ne-AD5933 (inyathelo ngenyathelo lezibalo)
Umlinganiselo wokuphazamiseka kombane usekwe kwiifomula ezilula, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda inkqubo epheleleyo yokuthintela iimpazamo:
- Fumana ulungelelwaniso (g): Ukucacisa ngokuchanekileyo ubudlelwane phakathi komqondiso wegalelo kunye nempendulo, i-AD5933 ivumela ukusetyenziswa kwe-resistor yokulinganisa ngexabiso elaziwayo ngokuchanekileyo. Le fomula ilandelayo iyasebenza:
g = (VDD × Rcurrent × Rin) / (256 × PGA × Incopho × RFB × 2^7)
- Ukufumana ubukhulu: Nje ukuba amaxabiso okwenyani kunye nentelekelelo elinganisiwe, sibala ubungakanani bempendulo njenge:
mag = sqrt(yenyani^2 + ngqikelelo^2)
- Ubalo lokugqibela lwe-impedance:
Z = g × mag
- Isigaba (PA) sibalwa ngoku:
PA = arctan2(yenyani, yentelekelelo) − ideltaPA
- Ekugqibeleni, ukuchasana kunye nokusabela kufunyenwe:
R = Z × cos(PA)
X = Z × isono(PA)
Ukufumana ukuchaneka okuphezulu, kuyacetyiswa ukuba wenze ukulinganisa kwangaphambili ngokulinganisa amacandelo awaziwayo. (umzekelo, izichasi zexabiso ezichanekileyo) kwaye ulungelelanise inzuzo yokwenene yenkqubo ngokusekelwe kuloo milinganiselo.
Iingqwalasela ezisebenzayo xa usebenzisa iAD5933
Xa usebenza ne-AD5933, kukho izinto ezimbalwa eziphambili ekufuneka uzigcine engqondweni ukuze ufumane okuninzi ekusebenzeni kwayo:
- Rin kunye RFB resistor uqwalaseloUkukhethwa kwala macandelo kumisela inzuzo yesistim. Ukusebenzisa amaxabiso afanelekileyo, ngokusekelwe kuluhlu lwe-impedance esifuna ukulinganisa, kubalulekile ukuphepha ukuhlutha i-ADC okanye ukulahlekelwa isisombululo.
- Lumkela isigaba: I-AD5933 yazisa ukutshintshwa kwesigaba esicwangcisiweyo esinokuhluka ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukulinganisa isigaba (deltaPA) usebenzisa imigangatho eyaziwayo kwi-frequency range of interest.
- Imida yoluhlu olunamandla: Nangona isebenza kwii-bits ze-12, isisombululo sangempela sixhomekeke kuluhlu lwe-impedance olulinganiswayo kunye nokucwangciswa okuchanekileyo kwesekethe yokuzuza kunye ne-PGA (i-programmable gain amplifier).
- Ukulawula nge-I2C: I-chip inxibelelana ngebhasi ye-I2C, okwenza kube lula ukudibanisa nazo zonke iintlobo ze-microcontrollers kunye namaqonga.
Zonke ezi ngqwalasela zenza ukusebenzisa i-AD5933 ibe ngumba wokulungelelanisa ngokuchanekileyo izinto eziguquguqukayo eziphambili, kunye nobuninzi bezicelo kwilabhoratri kunye nabo bafuna ukwenza izixhobo zabo zonyango ezilula.
Izinto eziluncedo ngaphezu kwezinye iinkqubo zokulinganisa
Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iimodyuli zasekhaya okanye iinkqubo, I-AD5933 ilula kakhulu uyilo lwezixhobo ze-bioimpedance kuba idibanisa ukuveliswa komqondiso, idijithali, kunye nokubala okusisiseko.Oku kunciphisa inani lamacandelo angaphandle, iindleko, kunye nexesha lophuhliso. Ngaphaya koko, ukuchaneka kwayo kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo kuyenza ithandeke ngakumbi kwizicelo zemfundo, iprototyping ekhawulezayo, kunye nabo bafuna isisombululo esibambeneyo nesithembekileyo.
Ikwafumaneka kwiifomathi ezahlukeneyo, ukusuka kwi-chip yoqobo ebonelelwe yi-Analog Devices ukuya kwiimodyuli ezilungele ukusetyenziswa kunye neebhodi ezinokufumaneka ngokulula kumaqonga afana neAmazon, eBay, AliExpress, kunye nababoneleli be-elektroniki abafana noFarnell, DigiKey, kunye neNewark.
Uza kuthenga phi kwaye yintoni omele uyiqwalasele ngaphambi kokuthenga?
Ukuthandwa kwe-AD5933 kwenza kube lula ukuyifumana kwiivenkile eziqhelekileyo kunye nezikhethekileyo kwi-intanethi. I-Amazon kunye ne-eBay zineemodyuli ezilungele ukuqhagamshela. kwiinkqubo zakho, ngelixa iivenkile zombane ezikhethekileyo ezifana neFarnell, DigiKey, kunye neNewark zibonelela ngoguqulelo lobuchwephesha oluvela kwiZixhobo zeAnalog. I-AliExpress ikwabonelela ngeekiti ezininzi kunye neemodyuli zophuhliso olukhawulezayo.
Ngaphambi kokuthenga, Kubalulekile ukujonga imeko yemodyuli (entsha kwaye ingasetyenziswanga ukuba ujonge ukuthembeka okuphezulu), equka amaxwebhu obugcisa kwaye, ukuba ungumqali, ikiti yophuhliso eya kukunceda uqalise uxhulumaniso kunye novavanyo lokuqala. Kwakhona nikela ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha ezifana nokuhambelana kwephini, umbane wokubonelela, kunye nohlobo lonxibelelwano (I-I2C yeyona nto ixhaphakileyo).
Iimodyuli ezihambelanayo kunye nezixhobo eziqhelekileyo
Kwimarike uya kufumana iinguqulelo zeAD5933 kwimodyuli okanye ifomathi yebhodi yophuhliso, ehlala ibandakanya:
- Izihlanganisi ezisemgangathweni kunye neejumpi zoqwalaselo olukhawulezayo.
- Amacandelo awongezelelweyo afana ne-amplifiers, i-resistors yokulinganisa kunye nezihlungi ukuphucula ukuchaneka nokuzinza komlinganiselo.
- Iziphumo ezininzi kunye nezikhonkwane ezihambelana neArduino, iRaspberry Pi okanye amakhadi e-STM32.
Ezinye iikiti zibandakanya iintambo, iincwadana, kunye nesoftware ukwenza lula ukudityaniswa nePC yakho. Ukuba uceba ukuyisebenzisela uhlalutyo lwe-bioimpedance, khangela iimodyuli ezibandakanya i-instrumentation amplifiers okanye i-input circuits eyenzelwe ngokukodwa ukusebenza nge-electrodes kunye neempawu zebhayoloji.
Ukudibanisa i-AD5933 kunye namaqonga ophuhliso
Enye yexabiso elikhulu le-AD5933 yi Ukuhambelana kwayo kunye namaqonga avulekileyo kunye nabaqhubi beprogram elulaUngasebenzisa i-Arduino, i-Raspberry Pi, i-ESP32, okanye nayiphi na i-microcontroller ene-interface ye-I2C ukulawula i-chip kunye nedatha yenkqubo. Kukho amathala eencwadi kunye nemizekelo yekhowudi kwi-intanethi eyenza ulungelelwaniso kunye nokuqokelela idatha lula, kwaye ungathumela iziphumo kwi-PC yakho okanye uzijonge ngexesha lokwenyani kwisikrini se-LCD.
Oku kwenze ukuba bobabini abenzi kunye neengcali baphuhlise izixhobo eziphathwayo zohlalutyo lwe-bioimpedance ezemidlalo, ezonyango, kunye nezicelo zemfundo.
Iireferensi kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa
Kwiiprojekthi ezihambele phambili ngakumbi okanye ukuba ufuna ukwandisa isekethe yakho, Uvimba wedatha yeZixhobo ze-Analog ngumthombo obalulekileyoUkongeza, kukho ushicilelo olukhethekileyo, olunjengomsebenzi kaLeonid Matsiev, ophonononga nzulu indlela yokusebenzisa ngokupheleleyo amandla e-AD5933, imida yayo, kunye neenkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokulinganisa.
Kwiiplatifti ezifana ne-Instructables, unokufumana izikhokelo zesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo kunye nezifundo zokuphumeza i-AD5933 kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa i-schematics, imizekelo yesofthiwe, kunye neengcebiso zokuphucula ukuchaneka.
I-AD5933 iphawule indawo yokutshintsha kwisixhobo sombane sibonga amandla ayo okudibanisa ukuveliswa komqondiso, ukuguqulwa kwe-analog-to-digital, kunye nokusebenza kwedatha kwisekethe enye. Oku, kudibaniswa nokulula kwayo ukufumana kunye nokufumaneka kweebhodi zophuhliso ezihambelanayo, kwenza kube sisisombululo esifanelekileyo kwabo bafuna ukulinganisa i-impedance ngokuchanekileyo nangokufikelelekayo. Ukuyisebenzisa kwiiprojekthi ze-bioimpedance kuvula umnyango kwizicelo ezitsha kwezempilo, ezemidlalo, imfundo, kunye nokulinga ekhaya, kuvumela iingcali kunye nabangaqeqeshwanga ukuba bafumane iziphumo ngokuthembekileyo nangokulula.