Kwihlabathi lanamhlanje lezoshishino, apho i automation kunye nedijithali sisonka sethu semihla ngemihla, ubudlelwane phakathi kwabantu kunye noomatshini bufikelela kumanqanaba aphezulu. Iifektri, izityalo zemveliso, kunye neenkqubo zemizi-mveliso zijongene nomngeni wokulungelelanisa inani elikhulu ledatha ngexesha langempela kunye nokuqinisekisa unxibelelwano olungenamthungo phakathi kwabaqhubi kunye nezibonelelo. Ngaphakathi kwesi sikhokelo sonke setekhnoloji, i Umboniso weHMI Ibe yinto esisiseko eguqula indlela esiyiqonda ngayo intsebenziswano yabantu noomatshini.
Ngaba ukhe wazibuza ukuba abaqhubi bayakwazi njani ukubeka iliso, ukulawula, kunye nokwandisa iinkqubo ezintsonkothileyo zefektri ngendlela eqondakalayo? Emva koko umlingo yi Ujongano loomatshini bomntu (HMI), iteknoloji eye yavela ngokukhawuleza ukunika izisombululo ezibonakalayo, ezifikelelekayo nezikrelekrele, ukubeka lonke ulwazi olufanelekileyo kunye nolawulo oluyimfuneko ngokukrwaqula nje okanye nokuba kubetha nje impompo kude.
Yintoni kanye kanye umboniso we-HMI?
Xa sithetha nge Umboniso weHMI sibhekisa ku-a isixhobo sombane, esihlala sinesikrini sokuchukumisa okanye amaqhosha abonakalayo, asebenza njengebhulorho phakathi komsebenzisi kunye nenkqubo ezenzekelayo okanye umatshini. iyalawula. Umsebenzi wayo oyintloko kukuguqulela izinto eziguquguqukayo ezintsonkothileyo zenkqubo yeshishini kwinto ethile ebonakalayo, esebenzayo kwaye eluncedo, ukuvumela kokubini ukubeka iliso kwimeko yangoku kunye nokwenziwa kwezigqibo ngokubhabha.
I-HMI (i-Human-Machine Interface) yazalelwa ukuphendula kwimfuno ecacileyo: yenza idatha kunye nolawulo loomatshini abantsonkothileyo bafikeleleke kwaye baqondeke, ukuphelisa ukuxhomekeka kwiipaneli ezigcwele izibane kunye namaqhosha ayengasoloko kulula ukuwaqonda okanye ukusebenza. Oku kuqhubela phambili kuthetha ukutsiba okusemgangathweni kwi ukusebenziseka kunye nokusebenza yezityalo zoshishino zanamhlanje.
Namhlanje, xa sithetha Umboniso weHMI Sikhona kumacandelo amaninzi afana neleemoto, ukutya, amayeza, amandla, ulawulo lwamanzi kunye neziseko ezingundoqo ezibalulekileyo, ukukhankanya nje imizekelo embalwa. I-HMIs ayisebenzi nje njengephaneli yolawulo kodwa nanjenge iziko le-nerve lokubonisa, ukuxilongwa, kunye nokugcinwa.
Yintoni umboniso we-HMI osetyenziselwa ntoni kwaye kutheni ubalulekile?
Ukuba luncedo kwe-a Umboniso weHMI Ihamba ngaphezu kokubonelela ngolwazi olubonakalayo malunga nenkqubo yoshishino. Ixabiso layo lilele kuloo nto Ubeka kwindawo eyodwa ukubeka iliso, ulawulo, uhlalutyo kunye nokusabela kwiziganeko, nto leyo eguqulela ekuphuculweni okukhulu kweenkqubo kunye nezixhobo zenkampani.
Enkosi kwisikrini se-HMI, abaqhubi banoku:
- Jonga idatha kunye neegrafu ngexesha lokwenyani, evumela umbono ocacileyo wesimo soomatshini, iinkqubo, amanqanaba etanki, amaqondo okushisa, uxinzelelo, njl.
- Lawula kwaye usebenzise izixhobo ngokusebenzisa amaqhosha abonakalayo, ukutshintsha okanye ukulawula ukuthintela, ukuququzelela ukuqala, ukulungiswa kunye nokuvalwa koomatshini ngokweemfuno zelo xesha.
- Qwalasela iiparamitha kunye nokwenza ngokwezifiso izicwangciso ukuze uphendule kwiimeko eziguqukayo zemveliso ngaphandle kwesidingo songenelelo olunzima lobugcisa.
- Khangela kwaye ulawule ii-alam ngokukhawuleza, ukuphucula ukukwazi ukusabela kuyo nayiphi na i-anomaly okanye ukusilela, ukunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa kunye nobungozi.
- Ukufikelela kwiimanyuwali, imizobo kunye nolwazi lobugcisa ngqo ukusuka kujongano ngokwalo, nto leyo ikhawulezisa ukuxilongwa kunye nokugcinwa.
Imiboniso ye-HMI Bavumela iinkqubo zemveliso ukuba zikhuseleke, zisebenze ngakumbi kwaye ziguquguquke., emele inguqu epheleleyo kwishishini.
Imisebenzi ephambili yezikrini ze-HMI
Las Imiboniso ye-HMI Bagxininisa uluhlu lwemisebenzi ephambili, eyenzelwe ukubonelela umqhubi kunye neengcali ngezixhobo ezinamandla kodwa ezifikelelekayo. Imisebenzi yayo ephambili ibandakanya:
- Ukubona idatha ebalulekileyo. Ulwazi olubalulekileyo lwezityalo luboniswa nge-intuitively ngeegrafu, imizobo, izibonakaliso, iitheyibhile, kunye nezilumkiso ezibonakalayo, ukuququzelela ukuqonda kunye nokwenza izigqibo ngexesha langempela.
- Ulawulo olusebenzayo. Ababonisi kuphela ulwazi, kodwa bakuvumela ukuba usebenze koomatshini: ukuqala, ukumisa, ukuguqula iiparamitha, kunye nokuphumeza imiyalelo ethile, zonke zivela kwisikrini esifanayo.
- Uqwalaselo kunye nenkqubo. Baququzelela ukulungelelaniswa kwemilinganiselo yereferensi, inkcazo yokulandelelana kokusebenza, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwenkqubo kwiimfuno ezintsha ngaphandle kweengxaki ezinkulu zobugcisa.
- Ukuxilongwa kunye nokugcinwa. Banikezela ngokufikelela kwiilogi zesiganeko, imbali ye-alamu, kunye nezixhobo zokuxilonga, ukulungisa iingxaki, kunye nokufikelela kumaxwebhu afanelekileyo obugcisa.
- Conectividad. Imiboniso emininzi ye-HMI ivumela ukudityaniswa nezinye iinkqubo ezifana ne-SCADA okanye i-PLC, utshintshiselwano lwedatha ngeeprothokholi ezininzi zamashishini, kunye nokufikelela kude okanye ukufikelela kwizixhobo eziphathwayo.
Ingaba umboniso we-HMI usebenza njani?
Ukusebenza kwe-a Umboniso weHMI isekwe kwi- ukwamkela, ukusetyenzwa nokuboniswa kwedatha evela kwinkqubo okanye kumatshini oyilawulayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-HMI iqhagamshelwe kwi-a IsiLawuli seNgqiqo eCwangcisiweyo (PLC) kunye nezinzwa ezahlukeneyo kunye nee-actuators ngokusebenzisa inethiwekhi yemizi-mveliso.
Ngendlela elula, inkqubo imi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:
- Los zintsholongwane kunye nezixhobo zentsimi ziqokelela ulwazi kwiinguqu ezibonakalayo (amaqondo obushushu, uxinzelelo, amazwe, njl.).
- Los PLC Bafumana le datha kwaye bayiqhube ngokwengqiqo echazwe ukulawula isityalo okanye umatshini.
- La Umboniso weHMI "Idonsa" loo datha ngexesha langempela, iyitolike, kwaye ibonise ngokubonakalayo, ivumela umsebenzisi ukuba aqonde imeko yenkqubo kwaye enze oko xa kuyimfuneko.
- Imiyalelo efakwe ngumqhubi ngesikrini ithunyelwa kwi-PLC, eyenza izenzo ezifanelekileyo kufakelo.
Ke, i-HMI bubuso obubonakalayo be-automation, kwaye uyilo lwayo ludlala indima ebalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko lwesityalo.
Iintlobo zemiboniso ye-HMI kunye neempawu zabo
Imarike inikezela iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zemiboniso ye-HMI ilungiselelwe awona macandelo ahlukeneyo, iimfuno kunye nokusingqongileyo. Iintlobo eziphambili zezi:
- I-HMI Touchscreens: Baye baba ngumbulelo oqhelekileyo ekusebenziseni kwabo ngokulula, ukuguquguquka, kunye nezakhono zokuchukumisa ezininzi. Ziyakwazi ukuba yiteknoloji vuselela (zilungele iimeko ezingqongileyo ezirhabaxa okanye iiglavu) okanye capacitive (ubuthathaka ngakumbi, obufana nezo sizisebenzisa kwizixhobo eziphathwayo).
- I-HMI enephedi okanye amaqhosha aphathekayo: Ifanelekile kwiindawo apho uthuli, ukufuma okanye ukungcangcazela kunokwenza ukubamba kube nzima ukusebenzisa. Nangona zingaphantsi "zangoku," zomelele kwaye zithembekile.
- Ii-HMI ezisekwe kwi-PC okanye iitheminali zamashishini: Badibanisa umboniso kwinkqubo yePC enokuqhuba izicelo ezintsonkothileyo, iphathe umthamo omkhulu wedatha, okanye ilawule imizobo ephambili. Ilungele ukubeka iliso olubanzi kunye nohlalutyo lwexesha lokwenyani lwezityalo ezinzima.
- I-HMIs ephathwayo: Icwecwe- okanye izisombululo eziphathwa ngesandla zilungele ukubeka iliso kunye nolawulo olukude okanye ekuhambeni, zombini kumzi-mveliso nakuyo nayiphi na indawo enokufikelela kwinethiwekhi.
Ukongeza, unokufumana izikrini nge Ukhuseleko lwe-IP (ukungangeni kwamanzi kunye nothuli), kunye nezindlu eziqiniweyo okanye iimodeli ezihlangeneyo zeendawo ezincinci.
Izinto ezilungileyo zokudibanisa i-PC yephaneli njenge-HMI
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, umkhwa kwishishini utshintshele ekusetyenzisweni kwe I-Industrial Panel PC njengesisombululo se-HMI. Ezi zixhobo zidibanisa amandla ekhompyuter yeshishini kunye nokusebenza kwesikrini esichukumisayo kwiyunithi enye edibeneyo, ebonelela ngeenzuzo ezibalulekileyo:
- Ubuninzi bokusetyenziswa kwendawo: Ngokudibanisa ikhompyutha kunye nokubonisa kwiyunithi enye, i-cabling kunye namacandelo angaphandle ayancitshiswa, ukwenza lula ukufakela kunye nokugcinwa.
- Amandla okusebenza aphezulu kunye nenkumbulo, ukuququzelela ukulawulwa kwezicelo ezinzima, ukubonwa kwedatha ephezulu, kunye nokuhlalutya kwexesha langempela.
- Ukomelela kunye nokuchasana kwamashishini: IiPC zephaneli zenzelwe ukumelana nezona meko zinzima kakhulu (ukungcangcazela, ubushushu obugqithisileyo, uthuli, ukufuma, njl.njl.).
- Uqhagamshelwano olubanzi: Ngokuqhelekileyo zibandakanya izibuko ze-Ethernet ezininzi, i-USB, i-interfaces ye-serial kunye nenkxaso yeeprothokholi ezahlukeneyo zoshishino, ukuququzelela ukuhlanganiswa nazo zonke iintlobo zeenkqubo kunye nezixhobo ze-peripheral.
- Ujongano olubonakalayo kunye nolwenziwa ngokwezifiso, kunye nesoftware ekuvumela ukuba uyile izikrini zesiko, ezilungiselelwe ukwenziwa komsebenzisi ngamnye.
Isiphumo sisimo esiguquguqukayo, iqonga elinokwehla elilungele ukuhlangabezana nemiceli mngeni yangoku neyexesha elizayo ye-industrial automation.
Usetyenziso lokwenene lwemiboniso ye-HMI
Las Imiboniso ye-HMI Zibakho naphi na apho zifuneka khona ukulawula, ukubonwa kunye nokulawulwa kwedatha ngexesha langempela malunga neenkqubo, izixhobo okanye oomatshini. Eminye imizekelo yesicelo:
- Ishishini lokuvelisa kunye nemigca yemveliso: ukubeka iliso, ukulawula kunye nokulungiswa kokuveliswa, ulawulo lwe-alamu, ukulungiswa kweparameter, ukulandelela ibhetshi, njl.
- Izithuthi: Ulawulo lomgca wendibano, iibhentshi zokuvavanya, i-robot kunye nokulawulwa kwe-manipulator, njl.
- Ishishini lamayeza kunye nokutya: ukuthotyelwa kokulawula, ukubeka iliso kwiimeko ezinzima (ubushushu, uxinzelelo, umswakama), ukulandelwa kwe-batch kunye ne-BATCH inkqubo yokuzenzekelayo.
- Ulawulo lweziseko zophuhliso: uthungelwano lombane, izityalo zamanzi, i-air conditioning yokwakha, ukukhanya koluntu, iinkqubo zikaloliwe, njl.
- Izixhobo zonyango neze-elektroniki: ukubeka iliso, ulawulo olukude kunye nokugcinwa kwangaphambili kweenkqubo ezinzima kunye nezibalulekileyo.
- Ubume bemihla ngemihla: kuba ATM kude kube izikrini zokulawula iimoto zanamhlanje, inkalo ebonisa indlela ii-HMIs esele ziyinxalenye yobomi bethu bemihla ngemihla ngaphaya koshishino.
Umahluko phakathi kwe-HMI kunye ne-SCADA
Kubalulekile ukwahlula phakathi HMI y SCADA (Ulawulo loLawulo kunye nokuFumana idatha). Ngelixa i HMI jolise kwi intsebenziswano ngqo phakathi komsebenzisi kunye nomatshini okanye inkqubo, inkqubo SCADA Liqonga elibanzi kune ibeka iliso kwaye ilawule izixhobo ezininzi, izityalo okanye amaziko asembindini. un SCADA idibanisa ezininzi HMI kunye nezinye izixhobo eziphambili zokubeka iliso, uhlalutyo lwembali, ulawulo lwe-alamu, kunye nokunye okuninzi, okwenza kube lolona khetho lukhethiweyo xa kuziwa kuthungelwano lwezoshishino okanye iziseko ezingundoqo ezibalulekileyo.
Imiba emaziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha umboniso we-HMI
Ayizizo zonke Imiboniso ye-HMI Ayifani kwaye ayisebenzi kuso nasiphi na isicelo. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhethe imodeli ethile, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela iinkalo ezinje:
- Indawo yokusetyenziswa: Ingaba yindawo ecocekileyo okanye ibekwe eluthulini, ukufuma, amaqondo obushushu agqithisileyo…?
- Ubungakanani besikrini kunye nesisombululo kuxhomekeke kwindawo ekhoyo kunye nobungakanani bolwazi oluza kuboniswa.
- NONE ukubamba, amaqhosha enyama, umhlanganiselwa, ephathekayo, njl.
- Unxibelelwano nonxibelelwano: ukuhambelana ne-PLC, i-SCADA, iinethiwekhi zoshishino, iiprotocol (i-Ethernet, i-Modbus, i-Profinet, njl.).
- Inqanaba lokuqina kunye nenqanaba lokukhusela (IP, ukuchasana kwempembelelo, njl.).
- Ukulula kwenkqubo kunye nokusebenziseka zombini kumsebenzisi wokugqibela kunye nokugcinwa kwamagcisa.
Isitshixo silele Khetha isisombululo esihambelana neemfuno zangempela zesicelo kwaye sivumela ukwandiswa kwexesha elizayo okanye ukudibanisa ngaphandle kweengxaki ezinkulu..
