El I-PIC12F675 Yi-8-pin microcontroller eyenziwe yi-Microchip Technology efumene ukuthandwa kakhulu kwihlabathi le-electronics ngenxa yobukhulu bayo obuhlangeneyo kunye nokuguquguquka. Ilungele ukuzenzekelayo kunye neeprojekthi zokulawula, ezibonelela ngeempawu ezininzi eziphambili kwiphakheji encinci.
Ukuba unomdla kwi-microcontrollers kwaye ufuna ukwazi ngokweenkcukacha iinkcukacha, iinzuzo kunye nokusetyenziswa okunokwenzeka kwe I-PIC12F675Eli nqaku likunika lonke ulwazi olufanelekileyo olusekelwe kwimithombo ethembekileyo kunye nekhethekileyo.
Yintoni i I-PIC12F675?
El I-PIC12F675 Luyilo lwe-microcontroller CMOS ngenkumbulo flash. Inokusebenza okuphezulu kwe-RISC CPU evumela uninzi lwemiyalelo yayo ukuba yenziwe kumjikelo wewotshi enye. Esi sixhobo sisetyenziswa kwiiprojekthi ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki, ukusuka kwiinkqubo zokulawula kunye ne-automation ukuya kwizixhobo eziphathekayo kunye nezoshishino.
Su ukusebenziseka lula y ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi yenze ibe lukhetho oluxatyiswa kakhulu kubo bobabini abaqalayo kunye neengcali kuphuhliso lwezicelo ezizinzisiweyo.
Iimpawu eziphambili ze I-PIC12F675
- CPU RISC: Ivumela imiyalelo ukuba yenziwe ngokukhawuleza nangempumelelo.
- Imemori yeFlash: Umthamo we-1.75 KB wokugcina iinkqubo.
- Imemori ye-RAM: I-64 Bytes, ilungele ukuphatha idatha yesikhashana.
- Imemori ye-EEPROM: I-128 Bytes yokugcina idatha esisigxina.
- Inani lezikhonkwane: Izikhonkwane ezi-8 ezifikelela kwi-6 yedijithali yegalelo / imigca yemveliso.
- Ubuninzi bezihlandlo: Isebenza ukuya kuthi ga kwi-20 MHz.
- I-Analog/Digital Converter (ADC): Isisombululo se-10-bit esineendlela ezi-4 zokungenisa.
- Iinketho zeOscillator: Factory calibrated 4 MHz ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle.
- Iindlela zokonga amandla: Ibandakanya umsebenzi we SLEEP.
- Ukhuseleko lwekhowudi: Ukhuseleko lokuthintela iikopi ezingagunyaziswanga.
Usetyenziso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe I-PIC12F675
Enkosi kuyilo lwayo oluhlangeneyo noluguquguqukayo, i I-PIC12F675 Isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo ze-elektroniki. Ezinye zezona zixhaphakileyo zezi:
- Automatización doméstica: Isetyenziswe kwiinkqubo zokulawula izibane, izixhobo zekhaya ezihlakaniphile kunye neenzwa zobukho.
- Izixhobo eziphathwayo: Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kuvumela ukuhlanganiswa kwayo kwiigajethi kunye nezicelo zeselula.
- Ulawulo lweemoto: Ilungele ukuqhuba iimotor ezincinci zombane kwiirobhothi kunye neenkqubo zoshishino.
- Umlinganiselo kunye nezixhobo: Ndiyabulela kuwe ADC, isetyenziswe kwiinzwa zobushushu, uxinzelelo kunye nezinye izinto eziguquguqukayo zomzimba.
- Iiprojekthi zemfundo: Ifanelekile kwabo bafuna ukufunda malunga ne-microcontroller kunye ne-elektroniki yedijithali.
Iinkcukacha zobugcisa ezineenkcukacha
Kwabo bafuna iinkcukacha zobugcisa ezichane ngakumbi, nantsi eyona nkcazelo ifanelekileyo:
- Umbane osebenzayo: 2.0V - 5.5V.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwimowudi yokulinda: 1 nA ngo-2V.
- Ukusetyenziswa ngexesha lokusebenza: 8.5 uA ku-32 KHz, 2V.
- igqunyiwe: Ifumaneka kwi-8-pin DIP.
- Ukuphazamiseka: Ixhasa ukuphazamiseka okusekwe kwimicimbi yehardware.
- Abathelekisi be-analog: Bavumela imilinganiselo yombane echanekileyo.
- Ukhuseleko olungaphumeleliyo: Ibona ukwehla kwamandla ombane Ukufunyanwa kweBrown-out (BOD).
Izinto eziluncedo ze I-PIC12F675 xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abalawuli abancinci
El I-PIC12F675 ibalasele xa ithelekiswa nezinye iinketho ngenxa yezizathu ezininzi:
- Ukulula kwenkqubo: Iyahambelana neendawo ezininzi zophuhliso ezifana neMPLAB kunye nee-IDE kwi-C kunye ne-BASIC.
- Indleko ephantsi: Lukhetho olufikelelekayo kwiiprojekthi ezinohlahlo-lwabiwo mali oluphantsi.
- Ukuhluka kwezinto: Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ukusuka kuluvo ukuya kwi-automation.
- Ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi: Ilungele izixhobo ezisebenza ngebhetri.
Ezi mpawu zenza ukhetho oluthembekileyo kubo bobabini abaqalayo kunye neengcali ze-elektroniki.
Inkqubo kunye nophuhliso kunye I-PIC12F675
Le microcontroller inokucwangciswa ngokusebenzisa i-assembler, i-C okanye i-BASIC. I-Microchip inikeza indawo yayo yophuhliso, MPLAB, ebandakanya i-simulator kunye ne-assembler ukuququzelela inkqubo. Kukho nabaqulunqi beqela lesithathu njengeMikroC kunye ne-SDCC eyenza ikhowudi yokubhala ibe lula.
Inkqubo idla ngokuqhutywa ICSP (In-Circuit Series Programming), ukuvumela ukuba ihlawuliswe ngaphandle kokukhupha i-chip kwisiphaluka.
Iingcebiso zokusebenza kunye ne I-PIC12F675
Ukufumana okuninzi kwesi silawuli sincinci, kubalulekile ukulandela iingcebiso ezithile:
- Ziphephe ii-voltage spikes: Sebenzisa izilawuli zombane kunye ne-decoupling capacitors.
- Sebenzisa umthombo ozinzileyo: Qinisekisa ukondla okucocekileyo ukunqanda ukungaphumeleli kokubulawa.
- Bandakanya izixhasi zokutsalela phezulu: Ukuphucula uzinzo kumagalelo edijithali.
- Landela izenzo ezilungileyo kwi-PCB: Yehlisa uphazamiseko kunye neempazamo zophawu.
El I-PIC12F675 Yeyona microcontroller efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezininzi ze-elektroniki, ezimele yona ukusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphantsi, inkqubo elula y amandla okusebenza anamandla. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kuyenza ibe lolona khetho lubalaseleyo lokuzenzela, ulawulo lweemoto, kunye neeprojekthi zemfundo. Ngombulelo kubungakanani bayo obubambeneyo kunye neempawu ezihambele phambili, ihlala iyenye yezona zinto zikhethwayo kuluhlu lwee-microcontrollers. PIC.