Kwilebhu yerobhothi yaseWorcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI) bayavavanywa iidrones ezincinci ezisekwe kwi-echolocation Ezi drones ezifana nelulwane ziyilelwe ukusebenza apho umbono usilela khona: ebumnyameni, kumsi oshinyeneyo, okanye kwizaqhwithi. Ezi nqwelo-moya zilingana nesundu zijolise kuzo ukukhangela kunye nokuhlangula imisebenzi kwiimeko ezintsonkothileyo ngoku kwiimodeli zoshishino.
Iqela, elikhokelwa nguNitin Sanket, unjingalwazi oncedisayo wobunjineli berobhothi kwiWPI, liqala kwinyani exhaphake kakhulu kwiimeko zikaxakeka: Iintlekele ziye zavala umbane Kwaye utyando oluninzi lwenzeka ebusuku. Yiyo loo nto batsale inkuthazo evela kwindalo ukwenza amaqonga abhabha "ngeendlebe" endaweni yokuxhomekeka kwiikhamera, zomelezwe ngamandla asezantsi okukhangela kunye nolawulo lwe-algorithms.
I-echolocation isebenza njani kwezi microdrones?
Iprototype isebenzisa a Inzwa ye-ultrasonic Ilula, iyafana naleyo yeetepu ezizenzekelayo, ukukhupha ii-pulses kunye nokulinganisa i-echo ukuthoba imigama kwaye unqande ukungqubana. Lo mgaqo, onxulumene naleyo isetyenziswa ngamalulwane, ivumela ukuba ibone imiqobo elubala okanye ngokungafaniyo okuphantsi, apho iikhamera ziya kusilela.
Kwimiboniso yaselabhoratri, idrone yaqala yaziswa ekukhanyeni okujikeleze emva koko ekukhanyeni okuphantsi. isibane esibomvu esiluzizikwakunye nenkungu eyenziweyo nekhephu. Xa usondela eludongeni lwe-plexiglass, inkqubo yabhuleka ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwaye yabuya umva, ibonisa ukuba i-acoustic echo yayanele ukuhamba ngokukhuselekileyo.
Omnye wemiqobo yayiyi ingxolo yepropellereyayingcolisa ukufundwa kwe-ultrasonic. Ukunciphisa oku, abaphandi bayila izindlu eziprintiweyo ze-3D ezithintela ukuphazamiseka kunye nokuqhelanisa i-acoustic beam, ukuphucula umlinganiselo wesignali-kwingxolo kwinqwelomoya.
Iqela lincedisana nomba womzimba ingqiqo ukuhluza kwaye uhlele ii-echoes ngexesha lokwenyani. Le mizekelo inceda ukwahlula ukubonakaliswa okufanelekileyo kwingxolo kunye nee-alamu zobuxoki, into ephambili ukuba ufuna ukukala kwimishini enzima ngakumbi ngaphandle kokunyusa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla.
Ukusuka kwiiprototypes ukuya kwi-autonomous swarms
Ngaphandle kokubhabha okusisiseko, abaphandi bajonge ukusuka ulawulo manual Ukusasazwa ngentsebenziswano. Umbono kukuba iidrones ezininzi zahlula umhlaba, zifunde koko abanye bakubonayo (okanye ukuva), kwaye benze izigqibo zasekhaya malunga nokuba ungaqhubeka phi nokukhangela, kunye nomntu osebenza njengomphathi onobuchule.
Kuloo migca, uRyan Williams, unjingalwazi osebenzisana naye eVirginia Tech, usebenze kwiprogram yedrones enxibelelanisa iindlela zabo kunye namaqela ohlangulo. Iqela lakhe liye lasebenzisa idatha yembali evela kumawaka amatyala yabantu abalahlekileyo ukuze babonise indlela umntu olahlekileyo ehlathini ahamba ngayo kwaye ngaloo ndlela abeke phambili ezona ndawo zokukhangela kunokwenzeka.
Ngezi modeli, inkqubo ibeka i-drones kwiindawo ezinokwenzeka eziphezulu kwaye ihlengahlengisa ipateni yokukhangela ngokusekelwe kulwazi olutsha. Indibaniselwano ye isicwangciso sendlela Kwaye "i-acoustic" izinzwa zivula umnyango kwizisombululo ezisebenza ngaphandle kweGPS ethembekileyo okanye umbono ocacileyo.
Eyona njongo iphambili, amaqela ayavuma, kukuba ukuzimela kuyeke ukuba luphawu nje. Namhlanje, ukusasazwa kwe iidrones ezizimeleyo ngokwenene Inqabile kwimisebenzi yokuhlangula; umngeni ulele ekuboniseni ukhuseleko, ukomelela, kunye nokulandeleka kwezigqibo zokusetyenziswa kwayo ekusebenzeni.
Usetyenziso kunye nomda wokusebenza
Iminyaka yamva nje ibonelele ngemizekelo yeedrones ezisetyenziswa kwimisebenzi yokuhlangula: izikhukula ePakistanItyala eCalifornia emva kweentsuku ezimbini emva kwengxangxasi, okanye indawo yendlela ekhuselekileyo yabasebenzi basezimayini abathathu abavaleleke eCanada. Ezo yayiziinkqubo eziqhelekileyo, kodwa indlela yeWPI ijolise ekuvaleni izikhewu apho umbono usilela khona kunye isikhathi Yiyo yonke into.
Ukuba ezi teknoloji zikhulile, iinkonzo zikaxakeka kwi EYurophu naseSpain Zisenokubonakala ziluncedo kwiimeko ezibandakanya umsi, uthuli, ikhephu, okanye izinto zangaphakathi ezintsonkothileyo, njengezakhiwo zemizi-mveliso, iitonela, okanye izakhiwo ezidilikayo. Isitshixo, abaphandi bagxininisa, kukugcina iindleko eziphantsi kunye namandla asebenzayo ukuvumela ukuthunyelwa kweeyunithi ezininzi ngaxeshanye.
Ukuququzelela ukwamkelwa, iprototype yeWPI ixhomekeke kumacandelo ibakala lokuzonwabisa kunye noyilo oludityanisiweyo oluthoba iindleko zizonke. Okukhona i-hardware efikelelekayo, kokukhona kuya kuba lula ukufumana ezi "lulwane" ze-silicon kwiikhathalogu zokhuseleko loluntu.
Yintoni ekusafuneka isonjululwe
Indalo ibeka umqobo phezulu. Ilulwane liyakwazi Ukucalucalulana ngokukhetha into eyivayo kunye nokufumanisa izinto ezintle njengoboya ukusuka kwiimitha ezininzi kude. Iidrones zisekude nobo buntununtunu kunye nokukhetha, zombini ngokwemigaqo ye-hardware kunye nokucubungula.
Iprojekthi yeWPI, ene- isibonelelo esivela kwiNational Science FoundationInkqubela phambili yenziwa inyathelo ngenyathelo: ukuphucula izindlu, ukucokisa izihluzi zemiqondiso, ukongeza amandla okusetyenziswa, kunye nokomeleza ukuhambahamba. Nangona kunjalo, imingeni isekhona, njengengxolo yokuqhubela phambili, amandla akhoyo kwiifomathi ezincinci ezinjalo, kunye nokuqinisekiswa kwiindawo zangempela zehlabathi ezineemeko eziguqukayo.
Ngaxeshanye, i-ecosystem yezemfundo ihlola ukuba njani hlanganisa ukufunda yedatha yokukhangela yokwenyani kunye nokulungelelanisa namaqela abantu emhlabeni. Ukuhlangana phakathi koluvo lwe-acoustic kunye nombono apho kunokwenzeka kunye neemodeli ezishukumayo zinokukukhawulezisa ukutsiba ukusuka kubungqina bengcinga ukuya ekusasazweni.
Umfanekiso ozotywe zezi nkqubela phambili ucacile: iimicrodrones ezine "ndlebe"Ingabizi kwaye isebenze kakuhle, ezi drones zinokugubungela ubusuku bokukhangela kunye nokuhlangula kwaye zisebenze kwi-swarms apho ukubonakala kulinganiselwe. Umsebenzi wobugcisa kunye nolawulo usahleli, kodwa indlela echazwe yiWPI kunye neVirginia Tech ivula indlela eyiyo yokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo ebumnyameni, kumsi, okanye kwizaqhwithi.
