Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ilizwe lokulinganisa lenze imitsi emikhulu, ngakumbi malunga nokuhambelana phakathi kwezakhiwo ezahlukeneyo njenge-x86-64 kunye ne-RISC-V. Ukuba ukhe wazibuza ukuba ziqhutywa njani iinkqubo kunye nemidlalo eyenzelwe ngokukodwa i-Intel okanye i-AMD processors kwii-motherboards ezise-RISC-V kunye neekhompyuter, impendulo ilele kwizixhobo ezifana ne-Felix86. Ukunyuka koyilo lwe-RISC-V kunye nemfuno yokuhambelana okunqamlezileyo yenze iiprojekthi ezifana ne-Felix86 ibe yintetho yedolophu., ukutsala umdla wabaphuhlisi, abathanda ihardware, kunye nabasebenzisi abafuna ukwandisa amandla ezixhobo zabo.
UFelix86 uvela njengomoya omtsha. ngaphakathi kwendawo yokulinganisa, ebonelela ngezisombululo ezitsha kwingxaki exhaphakileyo: isixa esikhulu sesoftware ye-x86-64 engakwaziyo ukuqhuba ngokwendalo kwi-RISC-V hardware. Ayiseyonto nje yokuvula imidlalo kwiLinux, kodwa ikwafikelela kwinxalenye yekhathalogu yeWindows enkosi kwiWayini, zonke zikwisakhiwo esiye sanda kwintengiso ngenxa yendalo evulekileyo kunye namathuba okwenza ngokwezifiso.
Yintoni iFeliksi86 kwaye kutheni ibalulekile?
I-Felix86 i-emulator kuphuhliso yenzelwe ukuqhuba izicelo ze-x86-64 kunye nemidlalo, eyenzelwe ekuqaleni i-Intel kunye ne-AMD processors, kwi-RISC-V-equipped izixhobo phantsi kweenkqubo ze-Linux. Esi siphakamiso sivela kwi Idinga ukukhulisa i-ecosystem yonke yezicelo ezikhoyo ze-x86-64 ngaphandle kokuxhomekeka kwihardware ethile.. Ngokungafaniyo nokubonwa kwemveli okufunyenwe kwizisombululo ezifana neVMware, uFelix86 ukhetha i uguqulelo oluguqukayo lwexesha lokwenyani (ngexesha nje okanye i-JIT), ivumela isoftware ukuba isebenze ngokufanelekileyo ngokusebenzisa izandiso ze-RISC-V, njengemiyalelo ye-vector yemisebenzi ye-SIMD.
Ukunyuka kwe-RISC-V Kwilizwe letekhnoloji, liqhuba ukukhula okubonakalayo kumdla wokulinganisa, ngakumbi phakathi kwabasebenzisi kunye namashishini ajonge ukudiliza imiqobo yemveli phakathi koyilo lwezakhiwo. UFeliksi86 wazalelwa kulo mongo, eququzelela inguqu kunye nokusondeza ezi hlabathi zimbini zahluke kakhulu.
Ubume bobugcisa: Le yindlela uFelix86 asebenza ngayo
Isiseko se Felix86 isekelwe ku-a I-JIT i-recompiler enamandla, uxanduva lokuguqulela imiyalelo kwi-fly x86-64 ukuya kwi-RISC-V elinganayo. Esi sicwangciso siyimfuneko ukugcina ukusebenza okwamkelekileyo, njengoko kungaguquleli nje ngokufanelekileyo, kodwa kwakhona Thatha inzuzo yezongezo eziphambili kwi-RISC-V hardware:
- Ukongezwa kweVector: Ibalulekile ekuqhubeni imiyalelo ye-SSE ekhoyo kwimidlalo emininzi kunye nezicelo, ukukhawulezisa ukusebenza kwe-SIMD.
- Isolulo B (ukuguqulwa kancinci): Isetyenziselwa ukuguqulela imiyalelo enzima njenge bsr, ibalulekile kwiinkqubo ze-bit manipulation kunye ne-advanced mathematics ngaphakathi kokulinganisa.
- Inkxaso yezongezo ozikhethelayo: I-Felix86 ithathela ingqalelo iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezandiso ezifana ne-XThead (esetyenziswa kwiinkqubo eziphambili zemisebenzi yesiqhelo) enokuthi ibe khona kwi-hardware ye-RISC-V yanamhlanje.
Ukongeza, i-emulator igcina a i-abstraction layer yokulawula iyantlukwano kulwabiwo lwememori kunye neefowuni zenkqubo phakathi kwezakhiwo, enye yeengxaki ezinkulu zokulinganisa, kuba i-x86-64 kunye ne-RISC-V zineenkumbulo ezahlukeneyo kunye neemodeli ze-syscall. Olu luhlu olongezelelweyo lungundoqo ekuxhaseni izicelo ezinzima kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza okuthile ekusebenzeni.
Ukuhambelana: Yintoni onokuyilindela ukubaleka noFelix86?
Ngaphandle kophuhliso olupheleleyo, uvavanyo kunye noFelix86 sele lunike iziphumo ezilungileyo, ngakumbi kwindawo yokudlala yeLinux. Ezinye zezona zihloko zaziwa kakhulu ezithe zaphunyezwa ngempumelelo, ngeereyithi ezahlukeneyo zembuyekezo, zezi:
- Super Tux Kart
- Ihlabathi leGoo
- IFosholo Knight: Isiphatho seNtuthumbo
- Celeste
- Balatro
- VVVVVV
- Sukulamba
- Ukubopha kukaIsake: Ukuzalwa kwakhona
- I-Hotline Miami 2: Inani elingalunganga
Kwakhona, Enkosi ngokudityaniswa neWayini, iFelix86 inamandla okuqhuba usetyenziso olulula lweWindows kunye nemidlalo ngaphakathi kwemeko-bume ye-Linux kwi-RISC-V, nangona kusekho inqanaba elilinganiselweyo lokuhambelana.
Ngokuphathelele i-hardware, iimvavanyo zokuqala zenziwe kwiibhodi ezifana ne I-Banana Pi BPI-F3 ixhotyiswe nge-SpacemIT K1 SoC, kunye namakhadi emizobo eyahlukeneyo (AMD HD 7350, NVIDIA GTX 1050 Ti, AMD Radeon HD 7790). Ukhetho lwe-hardware luchaphazela kakhulu amava; Umzekelo, i-HD 7350 ibonakala ibonelela ngeziphumo ezingcono, ngelixa inkxaso yomqhubi kwii-Linux ezahlukeneyo zinokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwemizobo.
Ukusebenza kunye nemingeni ephambili
Ngaphandle kwenkqubela phambili, omnye wemiceli mngeni ecacileyo kaFelix86 iku ukusebenza. Iimvavanyo zakwangoko zibonisa amazinga e phakathi kwe-0,5 kunye ne-10 FPS kwimidlalo efana neLizwe leGoo okanye iSuperTuxKart, amanani athi, nangona ethembisa ngolo hlobo lokuqala, abonisa ukuba kusekho indlela ende ekufuneka ihambe.
I-bottleneck ifumaneka ikakhulu kwi- Inguqulelo yeJIT (ekufuneka ifumane ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwesantya sokudibanisa kunye nokwenza ngcono) nakwi ulawulo lweememori, kunikwe ubunzima obubandakanyekayo ekulungiseni imodeli yememori ye-x86-64 kwi-RISC-V ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukuzinza. Ngaphaya koko, ukuhambelana kwemizobo kuxhomekeke kakhulu ekufumanekeni kwabaqhubi abafanelekileyo kunikezelo lweLinux olusetyenziswayo kunye nokudityaniswa okufanelekileyo kunye nehardware.
Ukulungelelaniswa kujolise ekusebenziseni ngokupheleleyo i-SIMD izandiso ze-RISC-V processors ukukhuphisana nezinye izisombululo zokulinganisa. Nangona kunjalo, ayikakwazi ukuhambelana nezisombululo ezivuthiweyo ngakumbi, ngakumbi kwi-ARM, apho ezinye iindlela ziye zaphuhliswa ixesha elide.
Iindlela ezizezinye kuFeliksi86: rv8, Box64 kunye neBhokisi32
I-Felix86 ayikuphela kweprojekthi ejongene ne-x86-64 emulation kwi-hardware engeyiyo yendalo. Ezinye izixhobo eziphawulekayo kulo mmandla zi rv8 y Ibhokisi64 kunye neBhokisi32, abathi, nangona benenjongo efanayo, baveze iindlela ezahlukeneyo:
- rv8: Esi sisilingisi se-RISC-V esingaguquleli kuphela iibhinari ze-x86-64, kodwa ikwabonelela izixhobo zokuhlalutya kunye nokuphelisa ikhowudi kwi-ELF yokubini. Indlela yabo idibanisa ukutolika kunye nokuhlanganiswa kweendlela eziqhelekileyo, ukuphucula ukusebenza kuphela kwiindawo ezifunwa kakhulu kwisicelo. Ilungele abaphuhlisi kunye nabasebenzisi abaphambili abafuna i-ecosystem epheleleyo yokulinganisa.
- Ibhokisi64 kunye neBhokisi32: Ezi zixhobo, ezidume kakhulu kwi-ARM, zandise inkxaso yazo kwi-RISC-V. I-Box64 ikuvumela ukuba usebenzise iinkqubo ze-64-bit, ngelixa i-Box32 ibonelela ngenkxaso ye-32-bit yezicelo.. Zombini zisebenzisa uguqulo oluguquguqukayo kunye nokudibanisa okuphambili kunye neWayini, ikwenza kube lula ukuqhuba isoftware yeWindows. Bakwagqamile ekudityanisweni kwabo okuphuculweyo kunye ne-OpenGL kunye neVulkan, eyimfuneko kwimidlalo yanamhlanje.
Ukhetho phakathi kolunye okanye olunye luya kuxhomekeka kwiimfuno zomsebenzisi ngamnye. Ngelixa i-rv8 inamandla ngakumbi kukulinganisa okukwinqanaba elisezantsi, iBox64 kunye neBox32 ziyasebenza ngakumbi Abasebenzisi abafuna nje ukuqhuba usetyenziso lwe-x86 kwi-Linux kwi-ARM okanye kwi-RISC-V, ngaphandle kweengxaki ezininzi zobugcisa.. I-Felix86, yona inxalenye yayo, ihlala igxininise ekuphuculeni amava e-RISC-V, nangona kusafuneka ukuba ikhule ukuze ifikelele kwinqanaba lokudityaniswa kwegraphical kunye nokuhambelana nezinye iindlela ezisekelwe ngakumbi.
Felix86 vs Box64/Box32: Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa
| Isici | Felix86 | Ibhokisi64 kunye neBhokisi32 |
|---|---|---|
| Ulwakhiwo oluxhaswayo | RISC-V | I-ARM, i-RISC-V |
| Uhlobo lokulinganisa | IJIT x86-64 ukuya kuguqulelo lweRISC-V | Uguqulelo olunamandla x86-64 ukuya kwi-ARM/RISC-V |
| Ukuhambelana kweWindows | Inxalenye ngeWayini | Iyahambelana neWayini kwiLinux |
| Ukusebenza kwimidlalo | Phantsi (0,5-10 FPS) | Ingcono kwi-ARM, ilinganiselwe kwi-RISC-V |
| Inkxaso yeGraphic | Iimvavanyo kunye AMD HD 7350, NVIDIA GTX 1050 Ti | Ukudityaniswa okungcono kunye ne-OpenGL/Vulkan |
| Ukulungiswa | Izandiso ze-RISC-V SIMD | Yenzelwe ukwenziwa ngokukhawuleza kwi-ARM kunye neRISC-V |
| Uphuhliso kunye noluntu | Iprojekthi ekhulayo, uvavanyo kwi-Banana Pi BPI-F3 | Iprojekthi edibeneyo, inkxaso esebenzayo |
| Sebenzisa iimeko | x86-64 Isoftware kwiRISC-V | Isoftware ye-x86 kwiLinux kwi-ARM/RISC-V |
UFelix86 lubhejo oluncinci kunye namabhongo, agxininise i-64% kwi-RISC-V, ngelixa i-Box32 kunye ne-BoxXNUMX zinerekhodi elide kunye nenkxaso kwi-ARM, ebanika inzuzo ethile ekuhlanganiseni nasekusebenzeni, ubuncinane okwangoku.
Imbono yophuhliso kunye nokubandakanyeka koluntu
I-Felix86 yiprojekthi yomthombo ovulekileyo othi, nangona kwizigaba zayo zokuqala, sele inoluntu olusebenzayo kwi-GitHub kwaye ixhasa iminikelo evela kubaphuhlisi abanomdla wokulinganisa, ukulungelelaniswa komqokeleli, kunye nophando lolwakhiwo lwezakhiwo. Izizathu zophuhliso lwayo lususela ekufundeni okunzulu kwe-x86-64, iRISC-V kunye neLinux, ukuya kumnqweno wokudala isisombululo esisebenzayo nesimnandi kuluntu.
Iprojekthi yakha kumanyathelo afanayo afana nePanda3DS, shadPS4, kunye neChonkyStation3, eziye zavula indlela kwihlabathi le-cross-emulation kunye nokukhuthaza ukwakheka kweemodyuli zikaFelix86. Ngaphandle koko, Ukupapashwa kokujonga kwangaphambili kunye noluhlu oluhambelanayo lwenziwa rhoqo, okwenza kube lula kuye nabani na onomdla wokufaka isandla okanye ukuvavanya i-emulator koomatshini babo ukuba balandele.
Kwabo banqwenela ukufumana amava okanye ukuthatha inxaxheba kuphuhliso, Ikhowudi yomthombo kaFelix86 ivuliwe kwaye iyafumaneka kwiGitHub, kunye noluhlu oluhlaziyiweyo lokuhambelana kunye namaxwebhu obugcisa.
Ukuphumelela kukaFelix86 ziindaba ezimnandi kuluntu lweRISC-V kunye nabathandi bokulinganisa. Nangona imiceli mngeni yokusebenza kunye nokuhambelana isekhona, ukuvela kweprojekthi okuqhubekayo kuthembisa iziphumo eziphuculweyo kwikamva elikufutshane. Icandelo le hardware libre kunye nezakhiwo ezintsha zine-Felix86 isixhobo esibalulekileyo sokufikelela kwi-software eyenzelwe amaqonga emveli, ivula indlela yokwamkelwa okukhulu kwe-RISC-V ekhaya, kubuchwephesha kunye neemeko zemfundo.
Ukulinganisa ubume bezakhiwo ezinqamlezayo kuya kuqhubeka kungumngeni wobugcisa onomdla, kwaye izixhobo ezinje ngeFelix86 zikhokelela kwindlela ebhetyebhetye ngakumbi, inokusebenzisana, kunye nekhompyuter efikelelekayo. Ngophuculo ngalunye, abasebenzisi be-RISC-V basondela kumava apheleleyo, angenamthungo omsebenzisi.